[Solved] due 4/11

Assignment Prompt & Instructions

see attached

**files (7)**

– ## InstallingtheDataAnalysisToolPak.docx

– ## RevenueAnalysisTemplate.xlsx

– ## ResearchPaperDescriptiveAnalysisAssignmentGuide.docx

– ## ResearchPaperAssignmentInstructions.docx

– ## ResearchPaper-DescriptiveAnalysisGradingRubric.pdf

– RevenueAnalysisWorksheet.xlsx
– TheBudgetCycle_26_04_07_08_55_15.pdf

**## InstallingtheDataAnalysisToolPak.docx**

PADM 702

Installing the
**Data Analysis ToolPak**

**I. Getting Started:**

· To use the
**Descriptive Statistics** feature in Excel, the
**Data Analysis ToolPak** must be activated.

· To see if
**Data Analysis ToolPak** has been activated:

1) Look at the top middle of the excel screen and select
**Data.**

2)
Look at the top right of the Excel screen and find
**Data Analysis**.

If you see this, you do have the
**Data Analysis ToolPak** activated.

**If you do not see this**: Install the Data Analysis ToolPak by following the instructions outlined in the Watch item in Module 3: Week 3 titled:
**How to Install Data Analysis ToolPak Addin in Excel.**

## image1.png

**## RevenueAnalysisTemplate.xlsx**

## Table

| | | | |
| — | — | — | — |
| Table 1 Standard Deviation and Variation Comparison Between Mississippi and Kentucky |
| (in Dollars) |

| Mississippi |
| TOTAL INCOME TAXES | | TOTAL SALES TAX |
| Mean | | Mean |
| Standard Deviation | | Standard Deviation |
| Coeffcient of Variation | ERROR:#DIV/0! | | ERROR:#DIV/0! |
| | Kentucky |
| TOTAL INCOME TAXES | | TOTAL SALES TAX |
| Mean | | Mean |
| Standard Deviation | | Standard Deviation |
| Coeffcient of Variation | ERROR:#DIV/0! | | ERROR:#DIV/0! |

**## ResearchPaperDescriptiveAnalysisAssignmentGuide.docx**

PADM 702

**Research Paper: Descriptive Analysis Assignment Guide**

**I. Getting Started**

To use the
**Descriptive Statistics** feature in Excel, the
**Data Analysis ToolPak** must be activated.

To see if
**Data Analysis ToolPak** has been activated:

1. Look at the top middle of the excel screen and select
**Data.**

1. Look at the top right of the Excel screen and find
**Data Analysis**.

If you see this, you do have the
**Data Analysis ToolPak** activated. Please proceed to the next section:
**Calculating Descriptive Statistics**.

If you do not see this: Install the Data Analysis ToolPak by following the instructions outlined in the Watch item in Module 3: Week 3 titled:
**How to Add Analysis ToolPak in Excel**.

**Note: There is a help session video located in the Canvas Home Page under Module 3 that will walk you through the assignment. (In the instructional video**
**State A is Mississippi and State B is Kentucky.)**

**II. Calculating Descriptive Statistics:**

**Step 1**

Open and save the Revenue Data located in the
**Revenue Analysis Worksheet** located in the assignment resources.

Follow the instructions using the TOTAL INCOME TAXES
_TOTAL SALES TAX_ data, including the column heading
_._ You can use the Analysis ToolPak add-in to generate descriptive statistics.

1. On the Data tab, in the Analysis group, click Data Analysis.


_Note: Can't find the Data Analysis button? Review the_
_**Analysis ToolPak in Excel** located in the assignment resources._

2. Select Descriptive Statistics and click OK.


**You will see the following dialog box**:



**For the first set of Descriptive Statistics**: MONTHLY TAX COLLECTIONS, MISSISSIPPI

· Select the range
**B2:C105** as the
**Input Range**—Highlight and Drag.

· Select
**Label in First Row**

· Select
**New Worksheet Ply**

· Select
**Summary Statistics**.

· Select OK.

**For the second set of Descriptive Statistics**: MONTHLY TAX COLLECTIONS, KENTUCKY

· Select the range
**F2:G105** as the
**Input Range**—Highlight and Drag.

· Select
**Label in First Row**

· Select
**New Worksheet Ply**

· Select
**Summary Statistics**.

· Select OK.

Each result will appear as a separate sheet in the Worksheet and will look as follows:


**Note**: Since the data come from two different data sets, Mississippi and Kentucky (with different means), one cannot simply compare the standard deviations. You need to compare the data using the Coefficient of Variation. To compute the Coefficient of Variation, you must divide the standard deviation by the mean (standard deviation/mean) and then compare the Coefficients of Variation.

Page 2 of 2

## image3.png

## image4.png

## image1.png

## image2.png

**## ResearchPaperAssignmentInstructions.docx**

PADM 702

**Research Paper: Descriptive Analysis Assignment Instructions**

**Overview**

A simple way to analyze fiscal data over time is via
descriptive statistics.
Descriptive Statistics refer to the analysis, summary, and presentation of findings related to a data set derived from a sample or entire population. Descriptive statistics comprise three main categories – Frequency Distribution, Measures of Central Tendency, and Measures of Variability.
Although descriptive statistics may provide information regarding a data set, they do not allow for conclusions to be made based on the data analysis but, rather, provide a description of the data being analyzed.

**Value of Descriptive Statistics**

Descriptive statistics allow for the ease of data visualization. They allow for data to be presented in a meaningful and understandable way, which, in turn, allows for a simplified interpretation of the data set in question. Raw data would be difficult to analyze, and trend and pattern determination may be challenging to perform. In addition, raw data makes it challenging to visualize what the data is showing. Descriptive statistics are used to summarize complex quantitative data.

The coefficient of variation measures
how far the data points (monthly taxes) are from the mean. The less spread, the smaller the coefficient of variation, thus one can have more confidence that the collected monthly taxes will be parallel, creating less financial risk. Conversely, the greater the spread, the larger the coefficient of variation, thus one can have less confidence that the collected monthly taxes will be parallel, creating more financial risk.

**Instructions**

For this assignment, students will compute the coefficient of variation and interpret and write a four-page memo stating the findings.

**Submit research paper as a research memo**:

To:

From:

Subject:

The
**paper content** should consist of:

(1) At least two of pages describing the value of the standard deviation and coefficient of variation and how they can be used in risk assessment.

(2) A table of computational findings using the
**Revenue Analysis Template**.

(3) Analysis of the coefficients of variation as they pertain to the two risk assessment research questions for two states.

**Use the Revenue Analysis Template to present the data in your research memo. Also, report the means and standard deviations as whole dollars.**

**Interpreting Descriptive Statistics**

**How to analyze the coefficient of variation and compare the two data sets**

The coefficient of variation measures
how far the data points (monthly taxes) are from the mean. The less spread, the smaller coefficient of variation, thus one can have more confidence that the collected monthly taxes will be parallel. The more the spread, the larger the coefficient of variation; thus, one can have less confidence that the collected monthly taxes will be parallel.

An analysis of the coefficient of variation can be somewhat complex. However, for this assignment, you will just answer the following
**research questions**:

· Which set of data shows highest variation and which shows lowest variation? Which state shows the highest and lowest variations in total income and total sales tax collections?

· Which state’s tax collections are more consistent and fluctuates the least?

Assigned readings probably will not help you analyze primary data. You must learn to do that yourself by researching how to analyze data. The author(s) have not seen your data, so they cannot help with the interpretation.

The paper must be in current APA format with 1-inch margins and 12-pt Times New Roman font. You must also include a title page and reference page. You must include citations to a sufficient number of appropriate professional, scholarly, or other appropriate sources to fully support your assertions and conclusions (which will likely require more than the minimum number of citations); each paper must include a minimum of 5 sources, not including the course textbooks, assigned readings, and the Bible.

Review
**Watch: Statistics: Comparing Standard Deviations Without Calculation**

[**https://you.tube/R97OR-Grl4k?si=Q6YLCSV014l66qux**](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R97OR-Grl4k)

_Plagiarism in any form is strictly prohibited and may result in failure of the assignment, failure of the course, and/or removal from the program. It is your responsibility to ensure that you fully understand what constitutes the various forms of plagiarism and to avoid all forms of plagiarism._

Note: Your assignment will be checked for originality via the Turnitin plagiarism tool.

Page 2 of 2

**## ResearchPaper-DescriptiveAnalysisGradingRubric.pdf**

Criteria Ratings Points

Content 22 to >18 pts

Advanced

• All key elements of the
assignment are covered
thoroughly and in a
substantive way. Student
provides a
well-researched, fully
developed analysis of
each element of the
assignment.
• Content is thoroughly,
comprehensively,
accurate, and exhibits a
nuanced rather than
superficial understanding
of the terms and concepts
assigned.
• Major points are stated
clearly and are supported
by appropriate
professional and scholarly
literature and/or logic.
Student employs sound,
reasoned discussion,
description, explanation,
and evaluation of
assigned terms and
concepts.

18 to >13 pts

Proficient

• Most key elements of
the assignment are
covered and in a
substantive way. Student
provides a mostly
developed analysis of
each element of the
assignment.
• Most content is
comprehensively,
accurate, and exhibits an
adequate understanding of
the terms and concepts
assigned.
• Most points are
adequately stated and are
supported by appropriate
professional and scholarly
literature and/or logic.
Student mostly employs
sound, reasoned
discussion, description,
explanation, and
evaluation of assigned
terms and concepts.

13 to >0 pts

Developing

• Inadequate coverage of
key elements of the
assignment. Student
provides an inadequately
developed analysis of
each element of the
assignment.
• Content is inadequate
and not presented
comprehensively or
accurately. Exhibits an
inadequate understanding
of the terms and concepts
assigned.
• Major points are
inadequately stated and
are not supported by
appropriate professional
and scholarly literature
and/or logic. Student
employs inadequate
discussion, description,
explanation, and
evaluation of assigned
terms and concepts.

0 pts

Not
Present

22 pts

Development 21 to >18 pts

Advanced

• Includes meaningful and
thorough use of source
material and analytical
reasoning to elaborate
upon the topics or themes.

• Research is thorough
and timely for the topic.
• Thoroughly includes the
required quality and
quantity of cited sources
to support positions. The
context and purpose of
the writing is thorough and
clear.

18 to >12 pts

Proficient

• Mostly includes
meaningful and adequate
use of source material and
analytical reasoning to
elaborate upon the topics
or themes.
• Research is adequate
and timely for the topic.
• Adequately includes the
required quality and
quantity of cited sources to
support positions. The
context and purpose of the
writing is adequate and
clear.

12 to >0 pts

Developing

• Includes inadequate
use of source material
and applies very little
analytical reasoning to
elaborate upon the topics
or themes.
• Research is inadequate
and not timely for the
topic.
• Inadequately includes
the required quality and
quantity of cited sources
to support positions. The
context and purpose of
the writing is inadequate
and vague.

0 pts

Not
Present

21 pts

Research Paper: Descriptive Analysis Grading Rubric |
PADM702_D03_202620

Criteria Ratings Points

Organization 12 to >9 pts

Advanced

• The introduction
provides sufficient and
thorough background on
the topic and previews
major points.
• Ideas flow in a logical
and thorough sequence.
• Paragraph transitions
are both present,
thorough, and logical, and
direct the flow of thought
throughout the paper.
• Paper is organized into
a discussion flowing
thoroughly from
concept/term to
concept/term and includes
sufficient introductory,
conclusory, and
connecting mechanics to
make the assignment a
research paper, rather
than merely a list of terms.

9 to >6 pts

Proficient

• The introduction
provides sufficient and
adequate background on
the topic and previews
major points.
• Most ideas flow in a
logical and adequate
sequence.
• Paragraph transitions
are mostly present,
adequate, and logical, and
direct the flow of thought
throughout the paper.
• Paper is mostly
organized into a
discussion flowing from
concept/term to
concept/term and includes
adequate introductory,
conclusory, and
connecting mechanics to
make the assignment a
research paper, rather
than merely a list of terms.

6 to >0 pts

Developing

• The introduction
inadequately provides
background on the topic
and does not clearly
preview major points.
• Ideas do not flow in an
adequate sequence.
• Paragraph transitions
are inadequately
presented and lack a
direct flow of thought
throughout the paper.
• Paper is not organized
into a discussion and
inadequately flows from
concept/term to
concept/term. Presents
inadequate introductory,
conclusory, and
connecting mechanics to
make the assignment a
research paper.

0 pts

Not
Present

12 pts

Format &
APA

10 to >7 pts

Advanced

• The paper includes title
page, reference page.
• The reference page(s)
contain(s) complete,
properly formatted
citations in current APA
format for all support
utilized (at least 5
sources).
• The paper follows
current APA format
guidelines.
• The paper is written in
12-pt Times New Roman
font and has 1” margins.
The work is original, giving
credit to all borrowed
ideas and quotations.

7 to >5 pts

Proficient

• The paper includes title
page, reference page.
• The reference page(s)
contain(s) mostly
complete, properly
formatted citations in
current APA format for all
support utilized (at least 5
sources).
• The paper follows
current APA format
guidelines.
• The paper is mostly
written in 12-pt Times New
Roman font and has 1”
margins. The work is
mostly original, giving
credit to all borrowed
ideas.

5 to >0 pts

Developing

• The paper does not
include title page,
reference page. • The
reference page(s) is/are
incomplete. Contains
improperly formatted
citations.
• The paper does not
follow current APA format
guidelines.
• The paper is not written
in 12-pt Times New
Roman font and lacks 1”
margins. The work is not
original and lacks giving
credit to all borrowed
ideas.

0 pts

Not
Present

10 pts

Research Paper: Descriptive Analysis Grading Rubric |
PADM702_D03_202620

Criteria Ratings Points

Grammar &
Spelling

10 to >7 pts

Advanced

• Rules of grammar,
usage, and punctuation
are followed.
• Spelling is correct.
• Sentences are
complete, clear, and
concise.
• Sentences are
well-constructed with
consistently strong and
varied structure.
• Sentence transitions are
present and direct the flow
of thought.
• Words used are precise
and unambiguous.
• The paper employs
authoritative, persuasive,
statesmanlike voice.

7 to >5 pts

Proficient

• Most rules of grammar,
usage, and punctuation
are followed.
• Most spelling is correct.
• Most sentences are
complete, clear, and
concise.
• Most sentences are
well-constructed with
consistently strong and
varied structure.
• Most sentence
transitions are present and
direct the flow of thought.
• Most words used are
precise and unambiguous.
• The paper mostly
employs authoritative,
persuasive, statesmanlike
voice.

5 to >0 pts

Developing

• Rules of grammar,
usage, and punctuation
are inadequately followed.
• Many spelling errors
distract.
• Many sentences are
incomplete, unclear, and
not concise.
• Many sentences are
poorly-constructed.
• Few sentence
transitions are present to
direct the flow of thought.
• Many words used are
imprecise and
ambiguous.
• The paper poorly
employs authoritative,
persuasive, statesmanlike
voice.

0 pts

Not
Present

10 pts

Page Length 5 to >4 pts

Advanced

Four double-spaced
pages of content. At least
two of the pages are a
description of the value of
the mean, standard
deviation, and coefficient
of variation and how they
can be used to analyze
revenues.

4 to >3 pts

Proficient

Two to three
double-spaced pages of
content. Slightly less than
two of the pages are a
description of the value of
the mean, standard
deviation, and coefficient
of variation and how they
can be used to analyze
revenues.

3 to >0 pts

Developing

One page or less of
content. Minimal
description of the value of
the mean, standard
deviation, and coefficient
of variation and how they
can be used to analyze
revenues.

0 pts

Not
Present

5 pts

Total Points: 80

Research Paper: Descriptive Analysis Grading Rubric |
PADM702_D03_202620

**RevenueAnalysisWorksheet.xlsx**

This file is too large to display. [View in new window](https://www.sweetstudy.com/files/revenueanalysisworksheet-xlsx-10529239)

**TheBudgetCycle_26_04_07_08_55_15.pdf**

This file is too large to display. [View in new window](https://www.sweetstudy.com/files/thebudgetcycle-26-04-07-08-55-15-pdf)

**TheBudgetCycle_26_04_07_08_55_15.pdf**

This file is too large to display. [View in new window](https://www.sweetstudy.com/files/thebudgetcycle-26-04-07-08-55-15-pdf)

**## InstallingtheDataAnalysisToolPak.docx**

PADM 702

Installing the
**Data Analysis ToolPak**

**I. Getting Started:**

· To use the
**Descriptive Statistics** feature in Excel, the
**Data Analysis ToolPak** must be activated.

· To see if
**Data Analysis ToolPak** has been activated:

1) Look at the top middle of the excel screen and select
**Data.**

2)
Look at the top right of the Excel screen and find
**Data Analysis**.

If you see this, you do have the
**Data Analysis ToolPak** activated.

**If you do not see this**: Install the Data Analysis ToolPak by following the instructions outlined in the Watch item in Module 3: Week 3 titled:
**How to Install Data Analysis ToolPak Addin in Excel.**

## image1.png

**## RevenueAnalysisTemplate.xlsx**

## Table

| | | | |
| — | — | — | — |
| Table 1 Standard Deviation and Variation Comparison Between Mississippi and Kentucky |
| (in Dollars) |

| Mississippi |
| TOTAL INCOME TAXES | | TOTAL SALES TAX |
| Mean | | Mean |
| Standard Deviation | | Standard Deviation |
| Coeffcient of Variation | ERROR:#DIV/0! | | ERROR:#DIV/0! |
| | Kentucky |
| TOTAL INCOME TAXES | | TOTAL SALES TAX |
| Mean | | Mean |
| Standard Deviation | | Standard Deviation |
| Coeffcient of Variation | ERROR:#DIV/0! | | ERROR:#DIV/0! |

**## ResearchPaperDescriptiveAnalysisAssignmentGuide.docx**

PADM 702

**Research Paper: Descriptive Analysis Assignment Guide**

**I. Getting Started**

To use the
**Descriptive Statistics** feature in Excel, the
**Data Analysis ToolPak** must be activated.

To see if
**Data Analysis ToolPak** has been activated:

1. Look at the top middle of the excel screen and select
**Data.**

1. Look at the top right of the Excel screen and find
**Data Analysis**.

If you see this, you do have the
**Data Analysis ToolPak** activated. Please proceed to the next section:
**Calculating Descriptive Statistics**.

If you do not see this: Install the Data Analysis ToolPak by following the instructions outlined in the Watch item in Module 3: Week 3 titled:
**How to Add Analysis ToolPak in Excel**.

**Note: There is a help session video located in the Canvas Home Page under Module 3 that will walk you through the assignment. (In the instructional video**
**State A is Mississippi and State B is Kentucky.)**

**II. Calculating Descriptive Statistics:**

**Step 1**

Open and save the Revenue Data located in the
**Revenue Analysis Worksheet** located in the assignment resources.

Follow the instructions using the TOTAL INCOME TAXES
_TOTAL SALES TAX_ data, including the column heading
_._ You can use the Analysis ToolPak add-in to generate descriptive statistics.

1. On the Data tab, in the Analysis group, click Data Analysis.


_Note: Can't find the Data Analysis button? Review the_
_**Analysis ToolPak in Excel** located in the assignment resources._

2. Select Descriptive Statistics and click OK.


**You will see the following dialog box**:



**For the first set of Descriptive Statistics**: MONTHLY TAX COLLECTIONS, MISSISSIPPI

· Select the range
**B2:C105** as the
**Input Range**—Highlight and Drag.

· Select
**Label in First Row**

· Select
**New Worksheet Ply**

· Select
**Summary Statistics**.

· Select OK.

**For the second set of Descriptive Statistics**: MONTHLY TAX COLLECTIONS, KENTUCKY

· Select the range
**F2:G105** as the
**Input Range**—Highlight and Drag.

· Select
**Label in First Row**

· Select
**New Worksheet Ply**

· Select
**Summary Statistics**.

· Select OK.

Each result will appear as a separate sheet in the Worksheet and will look as follows:


**Note**: Since the data come from two different data sets, Mississippi and Kentucky (with different means), one cannot simply compare the standard deviations. You need to compare the data using the Coefficient of Variation. To compute the Coefficient of Variation, you must divide the standard deviation by the mean (standard deviation/mean) and then compare the Coefficients of Variation.

Page 2 of 2

## image3.png

## image4.png

## image1.png

## image2.png

**## ResearchPaperAssignmentInstructions.docx**

PADM 702

**Research Paper: Descriptive Analysis Assignment Instructions**

**Overview**

A simple way to analyze fiscal data over time is via
descriptive statistics.
Descriptive Statistics refer to the analysis, summary, and presentation of findings related to a data set derived from a sample or entire population. Descriptive statistics comprise three main categories – Frequency Distribution, Measures of Central Tendency, and Measures of Variability.
Although descriptive statistics may provide information regarding a data set, they do not allow for conclusions to be made based on the data analysis but, rather, provide a description of the data being analyzed.

**Value of Descriptive Statistics**

Descriptive statistics allow for the ease of data visualization. They allow for data to be presented in a meaningful and understandable way, which, in turn, allows for a simplified interpretation of the data set in question. Raw data would be difficult to analyze, and trend and pattern determination may be challenging to perform. In addition, raw data makes it challenging to visualize what the data is showing. Descriptive statistics are used to summarize complex quantitative data.

The coefficient of variation measures
how far the data points (monthly taxes) are from the mean. The less spread, the smaller the coefficient of variation, thus one can have more confidence that the collected monthly taxes will be parallel, creating less financial risk. Conversely, the greater the spread, the larger the coefficient of variation, thus one can have less confidence that the collected monthly taxes will be parallel, creating more financial risk.

**Instructions**

For this assignment, students will compute the coefficient of variation and interpret and write a four-page memo stating the findings.

**Submit research paper as a research memo**:

To:

From:

Subject:

The
**paper content** should consist of:

(1) At least two of pages describing the value of the standard deviation and coefficient of variation and how they can be used in risk assessment.

(2) A table of computational findings using the
**Revenue Analysis Template**.

(3) Analysis of the coefficients of variation as they pertain to the two risk assessment research questions for two states.

**Use the Revenue Analysis Template to present the data in your research memo. Also, report the means and standard deviations as whole dollars.**

**Interpreting Descriptive Statistics**

**How to analyze the coefficient of variation and compare the two data sets**

The coefficient of variation measures
how far the data points (monthly taxes) are from the mean. The less spread, the smaller coefficient of variation, thus one can have more confidence that the collected monthly taxes will be parallel. The more the spread, the larger the coefficient of variation; thus, one can have less confidence that the collected monthly taxes will be parallel.

An analysis of the coefficient of variation can be somewhat complex. However, for this assignment, you will just answer the following
**research questions**:

· Which set of data shows highest variation and which shows lowest variation? Which state shows the highest and lowest variations in total income and total sales tax collections?

· Which state’s tax collections are more consistent and fluctuates the least?

Assigned readings probably will not help you analyze primary data. You must learn to do that yourself by researching how to analyze data. The author(s) have not seen your data, so they cannot help with the interpretation.

The paper must be in current APA format with 1-inch margins and 12-pt Times New Roman font. You must also include a title page and reference page. You must include citations to a sufficient number of appropriate professional, scholarly, or other appropriate sources to fully support your assertions and conclusions (which will likely require more than the minimum number of citations); each paper must include a minimum of 5 sources, not including the course textbooks, assigned readings, and the Bible.

Review
**Watch: Statistics: Comparing Standard Deviations Without Calculation**

[**https://you.tube/R97OR-Grl4k?si=Q6YLCSV014l66qux**](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R97OR-Grl4k)

_Plagiarism in any form is strictly prohibited and may result in failure of the assignment, failure of the course, and/or removal from the program. It is your responsibility to ensure that you fully understand what constitutes the various forms of plagiarism and to avoid all forms of plagiarism._

Note: Your assignment will be checked for originality via the Turnitin plagiarism tool.

Page 2 of 2

**## ResearchPaper-DescriptiveAnalysisGradingRubric.pdf**

Criteria Ratings Points

Content 22 to >18 pts

Advanced

• All key elements of the
assignment are covered
thoroughly and in a
substantive way. Student
provides a
well-researched, fully
developed analysis of
each element of the
assignment.
• Content is thoroughly,
comprehensively,
accurate, and exhibits a
nuanced rather than
superficial understanding
of the terms and concepts
assigned.
• Major points are stated
clearly and are supported
by appropriate
professional and scholarly
literature and/or logic.
Student employs sound,
reasoned discussion,
description, explanation,
and evaluation of
assigned terms and
concepts.

18 to >13 pts

Proficient

• Most key elements of
the assignment are
covered and in a
substantive way. Student
provides a mostly
developed analysis of
each element of the
assignment.
• Most content is
comprehensively,
accurate, and exhibits an
adequate understanding of
the terms and concepts
assigned.
• Most points are
adequately stated and are
supported by appropriate
professional and scholarly
literature and/or logic.
Student mostly employs
sound, reasoned
discussion, description,
explanation, and
evaluation of assigned
terms and concepts.

13 to >0 pts

Developing

• Inadequate coverage of
key elements of the
assignment. Student
provides an inadequately
developed analysis of
each element of the
assignment.
• Content is inadequate
and not presented
comprehensively or
accurately. Exhibits an
inadequate understanding
of the terms and concepts
assigned.
• Major points are
inadequately stated and
are not supported by
appropriate professional
and scholarly literature
and/or logic. Student
employs inadequate
discussion, description,
explanation, and
evaluation of assigned
terms and concepts.

0 pts

Not
Present

22 pts

Development 21 to >18 pts

Advanced

• Includes meaningful and
thorough use of source
material and analytical
reasoning to elaborate
upon the topics or themes.

• Research is thorough
and timely for the topic.
• Thoroughly includes the
required quality and
quantity of cited sources
to support positions. The
context and purpose of
the writing is thorough and
clear.

18 to >12 pts

Proficient

• Mostly includes
meaningful and adequate
use of source material and
analytical reasoning to
elaborate upon the topics
or themes.
• Research is adequate
and timely for the topic.
• Adequately includes the
required quality and
quantity of cited sources to
support positions. The
context and purpose of the
writing is adequate and
clear.

12 to >0 pts

Developing

• Includes inadequate
use of source material
and applies very little
analytical reasoning to
elaborate upon the topics
or themes.
• Research is inadequate
and not timely for the
topic.
• Inadequately includes
the required quality and
quantity of cited sources
to support positions. The
context and purpose of
the writing is inadequate
and vague.

0 pts

Not
Present

21 pts

Research Paper: Descriptive Analysis Grading Rubric |
PADM702_D03_202620

Criteria Ratings Points

Organization 12 to >9 pts

Advanced

• The introduction
provides sufficient and
thorough background on
the topic and previews
major points.
• Ideas flow in a logical
and thorough sequence.
• Paragraph transitions
are both present,
thorough, and logical, and
direct the flow of thought
throughout the paper.
• Paper is organized into
a discussion flowing
thoroughly from
concept/term to
concept/term and includes
sufficient introductory,
conclusory, and
connecting mechanics to
make the assignment a
research paper, rather
than merely a list of terms.

9 to >6 pts

Proficient

• The introduction
provides sufficient and
adequate background on
the topic and previews
major points.
• Most ideas flow in a
logical and adequate
sequence.
• Paragraph transitions
are mostly present,
adequate, and logical, and
direct the flow of thought
throughout the paper.
• Paper is mostly
organized into a
discussion flowing from
concept/term to
concept/term and includes
adequate introductory,
conclusory, and
connecting mechanics to
make the assignment a
research paper, rather
than merely a list of terms.

6 to >0 pts

Developing

• The introduction
inadequately provides
background on the topic
and does not clearly
preview major points.
• Ideas do not flow in an
adequate sequence.
• Paragraph transitions
are inadequately
presented and lack a
direct flow of thought
throughout the paper.
• Paper is not organized
into a discussion and
inadequately flows from
concept/term to
concept/term. Presents
inadequate introductory,
conclusory, and
connecting mechanics to
make the assignment a
research paper.

0 pts

Not
Present

12 pts

Format &
APA

10 to >7 pts

Advanced

• The paper includes title
page, reference page.
• The reference page(s)
contain(s) complete,
properly formatted
citations in current APA
format for all support
utilized (at least 5
sources).
• The paper follows
current APA format
guidelines.
• The paper is written in
12-pt Times New Roman
font and has 1” margins.
The work is original, giving
credit to all borrowed
ideas and quotations.

7 to >5 pts

Proficient

• The paper includes title
page, reference page.
• The reference page(s)
contain(s) mostly
complete, properly
formatted citations in
current APA format for all
support utilized (at least 5
sources).
• The paper follows
current APA format
guidelines.
• The paper is mostly
written in 12-pt Times New
Roman font and has 1”
margins. The work is
mostly original, giving
credit to all borrowed
ideas.

5 to >0 pts

Developing

• The paper does not
include title page,
reference page. • The
reference page(s) is/are
incomplete. Contains
improperly formatted
citations.
• The paper does not
follow current APA format
guidelines.
• The paper is not written
in 12-pt Times New
Roman font and lacks 1”
margins. The work is not
original and lacks giving
credit to all borrowed
ideas.

0 pts

Not
Present

10 pts

Research Paper: Descriptive Analysis Grading Rubric |
PADM702_D03_202620

Criteria Ratings Points

Grammar &
Spelling

10 to >7 pts

Advanced

• Rules of grammar,
usage, and punctuation
are followed.
• Spelling is correct.
• Sentences are
complete, clear, and
concise.
• Sentences are
well-constructed with
consistently strong and
varied structure.
• Sentence transitions are
present and direct the flow
of thought.
• Words used are precise
and unambiguous.
• The paper employs
authoritative, persuasive,
statesmanlike voice.

7 to >5 pts

Proficient

• Most rules of grammar,
usage, and punctuation
are followed.
• Most spelling is correct.
• Most sentences are
complete, clear, and
concise.
• Most sentences are
well-constructed with
consistently strong and
varied structure.
• Most sentence
transitions are present and
direct the flow of thought.
• Most words used are
precise and unambiguous.
• The paper mostly
employs authoritative,
persuasive, statesmanlike
voice.

5 to >0 pts

Developing

• Rules of grammar,
usage, and punctuation
are inadequately followed.
• Many spelling errors
distract.
• Many sentences are
incomplete, unclear, and
not concise.
• Many sentences are
poorly-constructed.
• Few sentence
transitions are present to
direct the flow of thought.
• Many words used are
imprecise and
ambiguous.
• The paper poorly
employs authoritative,
persuasive, statesmanlike
voice.

0 pts

Not
Present

10 pts

Page Length 5 to >4 pts

Advanced

Four double-spaced
pages of content. At least
two of the pages are a
description of the value of
the mean, standard
deviation, and coefficient
of variation and how they
can be used to analyze
revenues.

4 to >3 pts

Proficient

Two to three
double-spaced pages of
content. Slightly less than
two of the pages are a
description of the value of
the mean, standard
deviation, and coefficient
of variation and how they
can be used to analyze
revenues.

3 to >0 pts

Developing

One page or less of
content. Minimal
description of the value of
the mean, standard
deviation, and coefficient
of variation and how they
can be used to analyze
revenues.

0 pts

Not
Present

5 pts

Total Points: 80

Research Paper: Descriptive Analysis Grading Rubric |
PADM702_D03_202620

**RevenueAnalysisWorksheet.xlsx**

This file is too large to display. [View in new window](https://www.sweetstudy.com/files/revenueanalysisworksheet-xlsx-10529239)

**TheBudgetCycle_26_04_07_08_55_15.pdf**

This file is too large to display. [View in new window](https://www.sweetstudy.com/files/thebudgetcycle-26-04-07-08-55-15-pdf)

**## InstallingtheDataAnalysisToolPak.docx**

PADM 702

Installing the
**Data Analysis ToolPak**

**I. Getting Started:**

· To use the
**Descriptive Statistics** feature in Excel, the
**Data Analysis ToolPak** must be activated.

· To see if
**Data Analysis ToolPak** has been activated:

1) Look at the top middle of the excel screen and select
**Data.**

2)
Look at the top right of the Excel screen and find
**Data Analysis**.

If you see this, you do have the
**Data Analysis ToolPak** activated.

**If you do not see this**: Install the Data Analysis ToolPak by following the instructions outlined in the Watch item in Module 3: Week 3 titled:
**How to Install Data Analysis ToolPak Addin in Excel.**

## image1.png

**## RevenueAnalysisTemplate.xlsx**

## Table

| | | | |
| — | — | — | — |
| Table 1 Standard Deviation and Variation Comparison Between Mississippi and Kentucky |
| (in Dollars) |

| Mississippi |
| TOTAL INCOME TAXES | | TOTAL SALES TAX |
| Mean | | Mean |
| Standard Deviation | | Standard Deviation |
| Coeffcient of Variation | ERROR:#DIV/0! | | ERROR:#DIV/0! |
| | Kentucky |
| TOTAL INCOME TAXES | | TOTAL SALES TAX |
| Mean | | Mean |
| Standard Deviation | | Standard Deviation |
| Coeffcient of Variation | ERROR:#DIV/0! | | ERROR:#DIV/0! |

**## ResearchPaperDescriptiveAnalysisAssignmentGuide.docx**

PADM 702

**Research Paper: Descriptive Analysis Assignment Guide**

**I. Getting Started**

To use the
**Descriptive Statistics** feature in Excel, the
**Data Analysis ToolPak** must be activated.

To see if
**Data Analysis ToolPak** has been activated:

1. Look at the top middle of the excel screen and select
**Data.**

1. Look at the top right of the Excel screen and find
**Data Analysis**.

If you see this, you do have the
**Data Analysis ToolPak** activated. Please proceed to the next section:
**Calculating Descriptive Statistics**.

If you do not see this: Install the Data Analysis ToolPak by following the instructions outlined in the Watch item in Module 3: Week 3 titled:
**How to Add Analysis ToolPak in Excel**.

**Note: There is a help session video located in the Canvas Home Page under Module 3 that will walk you through the assignment. (In the instructional video**
**State A is Mississippi and State B is Kentucky.)**

**II. Calculating Descriptive Statistics:**

**Step 1**

Open and save the Revenue Data located in the
**Revenue Analysis Worksheet** located in the assignment resources.

Follow the instructions using the TOTAL INCOME TAXES
_TOTAL SALES TAX_ data, including the column heading
_._ You can use the Analysis ToolPak add-in to generate descriptive statistics.

1. On the Data tab, in the Analysis group, click Data Analysis.


_Note: Can't find the Data Analysis button? Review the_
_**Analysis ToolPak in Excel** located in the assignment resources._

2. Select Descriptive Statistics and click OK.


**You will see the following dialog box**:



**For the first set of Descriptive Statistics**: MONTHLY TAX COLLECTIONS, MISSISSIPPI

· Select the range
**B2:C105** as the
**Input Range**—Highlight and Drag.

· Select
**Label in First Row**

· Select
**New Worksheet Ply**

· Select
**Summary Statistics**.

· Select OK.

**For the second set of Descriptive Statistics**: MONTHLY TAX COLLECTIONS, KENTUCKY

· Select the range
**F2:G105** as the
**Input Range**—Highlight and Drag.

· Select
**Label in First Row**

· Select
**New Worksheet Ply**

· Select
**Summary Statistics**.

· Select OK.

Each result will appear as a separate sheet in the Worksheet and will look as follows:


**Note**: Since the data come from two different data sets, Mississippi and Kentucky (with different means), one cannot simply compare the standard deviations. You need to compare the data using the Coefficient of Variation. To compute the Coefficient of Variation, you must divide the standard deviation by the mean (standard deviation/mean) and then compare the Coefficients of Variation.

Page 2 of 2

## image3.png

## image4.png

## image1.png

## image2.png

**## ResearchPaperAssignmentInstructions.docx**

PADM 702

**Research Paper: Descriptive Analysis Assignment Instructions**

**Overview**

A simple way to analyze fiscal data over time is via
descriptive statistics.
Descriptive Statistics refer to the analysis, summary, and presentation of findings related to a data set derived from a sample or entire population. Descriptive statistics comprise three main categories – Frequency Distribution, Measures of Central Tendency, and Measures of Variability.
Although descriptive statistics may provide information regarding a data set, they do not allow for conclusions to be made based on the data analysis but, rather, provide a description of the data being analyzed.

**Value of Descriptive Statistics**

Descriptive statistics allow for the ease of data visualization. They allow for data to be presented in a meaningful and understandable way, which, in turn, allows for a simplified interpretation of the data set in question. Raw data would be difficult to analyze, and trend and pattern determination may be challenging to perform. In addition, raw data makes it challenging to visualize what the data is showing. Descriptive statistics are used to summarize complex quantitative data.

The coefficient of variation measures
how far the data points (monthly taxes) are from the mean. The less spread, the smaller the coefficient of variation, thus one can have more confidence that the collected monthly taxes will be parallel, creating less financial risk. Conversely, the greater the spread, the larger the coefficient of variation, thus one can have less confidence that the collected monthly taxes will be parallel, creating more financial risk.

**Instructions**

For this assignment, students will compute the coefficient of variation and interpret and write a four-page memo stating the findings.

**Submit research paper as a research memo**:

To:

From:

Subject:

The
**paper content** should consist of:

(1) At least two of pages describing the value of the standard deviation and coefficient of variation and how they can be used in risk assessment.

(2) A table of computational findings using the
**Revenue Analysis Template**.

(3) Analysis of the coefficients of variation as they pertain to the two risk assessment research questions for two states.

**Use the Revenue Analysis Template to present the data in your research memo. Also, report the means and standard deviations as whole dollars.**

**Interpreting Descriptive Statistics**

**How to analyze the coefficient of variation and compare the two data sets**

The coefficient of variation measures
how far the data points (monthly taxes) are from the mean. The less spread, the smaller coefficient of variation, thus one can have more confidence that the collected monthly taxes will be parallel. The more the spread, the larger the coefficient of variation; thus, one can have less confidence that the collected monthly taxes will be parallel.

An analysis of the coefficient of variation can be somewhat complex. However, for this assignment, you will just answer the following
**research questions**:

· Which set of data shows highest variation and which shows lowest variation? Which state shows the highest and lowest variations in total income and total sales tax collections?

· Which state’s tax collections are more consistent and fluctuates the least?

Assigned readings probably will not help you analyze primary data. You must learn to do that yourself by researching how to analyze data. The author(s) have not seen your data, so they cannot help with the interpretation.

The paper must be in current APA format with 1-inch margins and 12-pt Times New Roman font. You must also include a title page and reference page. You must include citations to a sufficient number of appropriate professional, scholarly, or other appropriate sources to fully support your assertions and conclusions (which will likely require more than the minimum number of citations); each paper must include a minimum of 5 sources, not including the course textbooks, assigned readings, and the Bible.

Review
**Watch: Statistics: Comparing Standard Deviations Without Calculation**

[**https://you.tube/R97OR-Grl4k?si=Q6YLCSV014l66qux**](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R97OR-Grl4k)

_Plagiarism in any form is strictly prohibited and may result in failure of the assignment, failure of the course, and/or removal from the program. It is your responsibility to ensure that you fully understand what constitutes the various forms of plagiarism and to avoid all forms of plagiarism._

Note: Your assignment will be checked for originality via the Turnitin plagiarism tool.

Page 2 of 2

**## ResearchPaper-DescriptiveAnalysisGradingRubric.pdf**

Criteria Ratings Points

Content 22 to >18 pts

Advanced

• All key elements of the
assignment are covered
thoroughly and in a
substantive way. Student
provides a
well-researched, fully
developed analysis of
each element of the
assignment.
• Content is thoroughly,
comprehensively,
accurate, and exhibits a
nuanced rather than
superficial understanding
of the terms and concepts
assigned.
• Major points are stated
clearly and are supported
by appropriate
professional and scholarly
literature and/or logic.
Student employs sound,
reasoned discussion,
description, explanation,
and evaluation of
assigned terms and
concepts.

18 to >13 pts

Proficient

• Most key elements of
the assignment are
covered and in a
substantive way. Student
provides a mostly
developed analysis of
each element of the
assignment.
• Most content is
comprehensively,
accurate, and exhibits an
adequate understanding of
the terms and concepts
assigned.
• Most points are
adequately stated and are
supported by appropriate
professional and scholarly
literature and/or logic.
Student mostly employs
sound, reasoned
discussion, description,
explanation, and
evaluation of assigned
terms and concepts.

13 to >0 pts

Developing

• Inadequate coverage of
key elements of the
assignment. Student
provides an inadequately
developed analysis of
each element of the
assignment.
• Content is inadequate
and not presented
comprehensively or
accurately. Exhibits an
inadequate understanding
of the terms and concepts
assigned.
• Major points are
inadequately stated and
are not supported by
appropriate professional
and scholarly literature
and/or logic. Student
employs inadequate
discussion, description,
explanation, and
evaluation of assigned
terms and concepts.

0 pts

Not
Present

22 pts

Development 21 to >18 pts

Advanced

• Includes meaningful and
thorough use of source
material and analytical
reasoning to elaborate
upon the topics or themes.

• Research is thorough
and timely for the topic.
• Thoroughly includes the
required quality and
quantity of cited sources
to support positions. The
context and purpose of
the writing is thorough and
clear.

18 to >12 pts

Proficient

• Mostly includes
meaningful and adequate
use of source material and
analytical reasoning to
elaborate upon the topics
or themes.
• Research is adequate
and timely for the topic.
• Adequately includes the
required quality and
quantity of cited sources to
support positions. The
context and purpose of the
writing is adequate and
clear.

12 to >0 pts

Developing

• Includes inadequate
use of source material
and applies very little
analytical reasoning to
elaborate upon the topics
or themes.
• Research is inadequate
and not timely for the
topic.
• Inadequately includes
the required quality and
quantity of cited sources
to support positions. The
context and purpose of
the writing is inadequate
and vague.

0 pts

Not
Present

21 pts

Research Paper: Descriptive Analysis Grading Rubric |
PADM702_D03_202620

Criteria Ratings Points

Organization 12 to >9 pts

Advanced

• The introduction
provides sufficient and
thorough background on
the topic and previews
major points.
• Ideas flow in a logical
and thorough sequence.
• Paragraph transitions
are both present,
thorough, and logical, and
direct the flow of thought
throughout the paper.
• Paper is organized into
a discussion flowing
thoroughly from
concept/term to
concept/term and includes
sufficient introductory,
conclusory, and
connecting mechanics to
make the assignment a
research paper, rather
than merely a list of terms.

9 to >6 pts

Proficient

• The introduction
provides sufficient and
adequate background on
the topic and previews
major points.
• Most ideas flow in a
logical and adequate
sequence.
• Paragraph transitions
are mostly present,
adequate, and logical, and
direct the flow of thought
throughout the paper.
• Paper is mostly
organized into a
discussion flowing from
concept/term to
concept/term and includes
adequate introductory,
conclusory, and
connecting mechanics to
make the assignment a
research paper, rather
than merely a list of terms.

6 to >0 pts

Developing

• The introduction
inadequately provides
background on the topic
and does not clearly
preview major points.
• Ideas do not flow in an
adequate sequence.
• Paragraph transitions
are inadequately
presented and lack a
direct flow of thought
throughout the paper.
• Paper is not organized
into a discussion and
inadequately flows from
concept/term to
concept/term. Presents
inadequate introductory,
conclusory, and
connecting mechanics to
make the assignment a
research paper.

0 pts

Not
Present

12 pts

Format &
APA

10 to >7 pts

Advanced

• The paper includes title
page, reference page.
• The reference page(s)
contain(s) complete,
properly formatted
citations in current APA
format for all support
utilized (at least 5
sources).
• The paper follows
current APA format
guidelines.
• The paper is written in
12-pt Times New Roman
font and has 1” margins.
The work is original, giving
credit to all borrowed
ideas and quotations.

7 to >5 pts

Proficient

• The paper includes title
page, reference page.
• The reference page(s)
contain(s) mostly
complete, properly
formatted citations in
current APA format for all
support utilized (at least 5
sources).
• The paper follows
current APA format
guidelines.
• The paper is mostly
written in 12-pt Times New
Roman font and has 1”
margins. The work is
mostly original, giving
credit to all borrowed
ideas.

5 to >0 pts

Developing

• The paper does not
include title page,
reference page. • The
reference page(s) is/are
incomplete. Contains
improperly formatted
citations.
• The paper does not
follow current APA format
guidelines.
• The paper is not written
in 12-pt Times New
Roman font and lacks 1”
margins. The work is not
original and lacks giving
credit to all borrowed
ideas.

0 pts

Not
Present

10 pts

Research Paper: Descriptive Analysis Grading Rubric |
PADM702_D03_202620

Criteria Ratings Points

Grammar &
Spelling

10 to >7 pts

Advanced

• Rules of grammar,
usage, and punctuation
are followed.
• Spelling is correct.
• Sentences are
complete, clear, and
concise.
• Sentences are
well-constructed with
consistently strong and
varied structure.
• Sentence transitions are
present and direct the flow
of thought.
• Words used are precise
and unambiguous.
• The paper employs
authoritative, persuasive,
statesmanlike voice.

7 to >5 pts

Proficient

• Most rules of grammar,
usage, and punctuation
are followed.
• Most spelling is correct.
• Most sentences are
complete, clear, and
concise.
• Most sentences are
well-constructed with
consistently strong and
varied structure.
• Most sentence
transitions are present and
direct the flow of thought.
• Most words used are
precise and unambiguous.
• The paper mostly
employs authoritative,
persuasive, statesmanlike
voice.

5 to >0 pts

Developing

• Rules of grammar,
usage, and punctuation
are inadequately followed.
• Many spelling errors
distract.
• Many sentences are
incomplete, unclear, and
not concise.
• Many sentences are
poorly-constructed.
• Few sentence
transitions are present to
direct the flow of thought.
• Many words used are
imprecise and
ambiguous.
• The paper poorly
employs authoritative,
persuasive, statesmanlike
voice.

0 pts

Not
Present

10 pts

Page Length 5 to >4 pts

Advanced

Four double-spaced
pages of content. At least
two of the pages are a
description of the value of
the mean, standard
deviation, and coefficient
of variation and how they
can be used to analyze
revenues.

4 to >3 pts

Proficient

Two to three
double-spaced pages of
content. Slightly less than
two of the pages are a
description of the value of
the mean, standard
deviation, and coefficient
of variation and how they
can be used to analyze
revenues.

3 to >0 pts

Developing

One page or less of
content. Minimal
description of the value of
the mean, standard
deviation, and coefficient
of variation and how they
can be used to analyze
revenues.

0 pts

Not
Present

5 pts

Total Points: 80

Research Paper: Descriptive Analysis Grading Rubric |
PADM702_D03_202620

**RevenueAnalysisWorksheet.xlsx**

This file is too large to display. [View in new window](https://www.sweetstudy.com/files/revenueanalysisworksheet-xlsx-10529239)

**TheBudgetCycle_26_04_07_08_55_15.pdf**

This file is too large to display. [View in new window](https://www.sweetstudy.com/files/thebudgetcycle-26-04-07-08-55-15-pdf)