(Answered) Briefly explain what Gini coefficient is, the trend for Gini coefficient over the past fewdecades,…

Briefly explain what Gini coefficient is, the trend for Gini coefficient over the past fewdecades, and list two factors that have caused the change for the United States
What the Gini coefficient is
The Gini coefficient is a summary measure of income (or wealth) inequality within a population, ranging from 0 (perfect equality) to 1 (maximum inequality). It indicates how evenly income is distributed: higher values mean greater inequality.
Trend over the past few decades
In many countries, including the United States, the Gini coefficient has risen over the past few decades, reflecting increasing income inequality since roughly the 1970s–1980s. The rise has been particularly pronounced for top incomes, while middle- and lower-income growth has been slower.
Two factors that have caused the change for the United States
Skill-biased technological change:
Advances in information technology and automation have increased demand for high-skilled workers, raising wages at the top relative to middle- and lower-skilled workers.
Changes in policies and institutions:
Factors such as tax and transfer policy shifts (less progressive taxation and less redistributive social spending), declining unionization, and weakened wage bargaining power have contributed to growing inequality.